Jacksonville, IL

Jacksonville, Illinois is a city located in Morgan County in the central part of the state. The area was originally inhabited by Native American tribes, including the Illinois and Pottawatomi. European settlers began to arrive in the early 19th century.

In 1825, the town of Jacksonville was founded by settlers from Kentucky, who named it after their hometown of Jacksonville, Kentucky. The town served as the interim capital of Illinois from 1839 to 1841 while the state capital was being moved from Vandalia to Springfield. This period saw significant growth and development in Jacksonville.

In the mid-19th century, Jacksonville became an important stop along the Underground Railroad, a network of secret routes and safe houses used by enslaved African Americans to escape to freedom in the northern states and Canada. Prominent abolitionists such as Elijah Lovejoy and Owen Lovejoy, both Presbyterian ministers, played significant roles in the abolitionist movement in Jacksonville.

The city also became a center of education and culture in Illinois during this time. In 1829, the Illinois College was established in Jacksonville, making it the first college in the state. Numerous churches, schools, and cultural institutions were also founded in the city, contributing to its reputation as a regional center of learning.

During the Civil War, Jacksonville served as a training and recruitment center for Union soldiers. The Illinois Soldiers' and Sailors' Home, a retirement and care facility for Civil War veterans, was established in Jacksonville in 1885 and continues to operate to this day.

In the 20th century, Jacksonville continued to grow and develop. It became known for its manufacturing industry, particularly in the production of rubber products and agricultural machinery. The city also experienced significant urban renewal efforts to preserve its historic downtown and architectural heritage.

Today, Jacksonville remains a vibrant city with a population of approximately 19,000 people. It is home to several colleges and universities, including Illinois College and MacMurray College. The city continues to honor its rich history through the preservation of historic buildings and sites and the celebration of its cultural heritage.

Morgan County Historical Society

A museum showcasing the history and culture of Morgan County.

Governor Duncan Mansion

A historic mansion built in 1835, now a museum that preserves the history and artifacts of Illinois Governor Duncan and his family.

Underground Railroad Monument

A monument commemorating the Underground Railroad and the abolitionist movement in Jacksonville.

Nichols Park

A large park with various amenities like playgrounds, picnic areas, tennis courts, and a swimming pool.

Lake Jacksonville

A scenic lake offering opportunities for boating, fishing, and camping.

The Illinois Theatre

A historic theater that hosts plays, concerts, and other live performances.

Big Eli Ferris Wheel

Located at the Morgan County Fairgrounds, it offers rides and scenic views of the area.

Illinois State Police Heritage Foundation

A museum dedicated to the history and achievements of the Illinois State Police.

Strawn Art Gallery

An art gallery located in historic Duncan Mansion that features rotating exhibits and art classes.

Woodlawn Farm

A working farm that offers guided tours, educational programs, and seasonal events such as pumpkin patches and Christmas tree sales.

Jacksonville, IL experiences a humid continental climate. The summers tend to be warm and humid, while the winters are cold and occasionally snowy.

During the summer months of June to August, temperatures in Jacksonville can reach an average high of around 85°F (29°C) and even higher at times, with occasional heatwaves pushing the temperatures into the 90s°F (above 32°C). Humidity is also a factor, making the weather feel warmer. Thunderstorms are common during this season, bringing heavy rainfall.

In the winter months from December to February, temperatures drop significantly in Jacksonville. Average highs range from 30°F to 40°F (-1°C to 4°C), while average lows can drop below freezing, often reaching 20°F (-7°C) or below. Snowfall is moderate, with an average annual accumulation of around 20 inches (51 cm). However, there are occasional winter storms that can bring heavier snowfall.

Spring and fall offer mild temperatures, with increasing humidity as spring progresses. Spring temperatures range from 50°F to 70°F (10°C to 21°C), while fall temperatures range from 40°F to 60°F (4°C to 16°C). These seasons are generally enjoyable, with moderate precipitation.

Jacksonville, IL experiences four distinct seasons, with hot and humid summers, cold and occasionally snowy winters, and pleasant spring and fall seasons. It is important to note that weather patterns can vary from year to year, so it is always recommended to check the local forecast for accurate information.

Jacksonville, IL is a small city located in Morgan County, Illinois. While it may not have as many distinct neighborhoods as larger cities, there are still a few notable areas worth mentioning.

Downtown Jacksonville

This is the heart of the city, home to numerous businesses, restaurants, and shops. You'll find historic buildings and tree-lined streets, creating a charming atmosphere. Downtown Jacksonville also hosts various events and festivals throughout the year.

North Jacksonville

Located on the north side of the city, this neighborhood is mainly residential with a mix of single-family homes and apartment complexes. North Jacksonville offers a quieter and more suburban lifestyle compared to the downtown area.

South Jacksonville

Situated on the south side of town, this neighborhood is also primarily residential. It features a mix of housing options, including single-family homes and townhouses. South Jacksonville is close to some of the city's main amenities, such as grocery stores and schools.

West Jacksonville

This neighborhood is located on the western side of the city and is mainly comprised of residential areas. It is a quieter and more suburban part of town, with several schools, parks, and recreational facilities nearby.

East Jacksonville

On the eastern side of the city, you'll find the neighborhood of East Jacksonville. This area is a mix of residential and commercial properties, with easy access to grocery stores, restaurants, and other essential services.

Overall, Jacksonville, IL is a close-knit community with a small-town feel. While it may not have the same level of neighborhood distinctiveness as larger cities, each area offers its own unique charm and amenities.